Zara - The Fast Fashion Leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Zara - The Fast Fashion Leader - Essay Example The paper Zara - The Fast Fashion Leader investigates the style head, Zara organization. Zara is additionally fruitful in guaranteeing boundaries are set up for new market participants through self-worked producing limit and coordinations systems that can't be equaled without significant capital speculation. Shortcomings in the model were recognized by leading a far reaching European/worldwide natural investigation of the serious business just as through assessment of Zara’s current plan of action. Shortcomings lie is in detaching the organization from negative exposure, which has been an enormous issue as of late with allegations of the organization being steady of sweatshop work conditions with remote providers. Moreover, research has distinguished shortcomings including an absence of spotlight on increasingly significant, social showcasing technique advancement just as the organization not keeping up appropriate spotlight on building progressively autonomous flexibly and co ordinations arranges that would be possessed by Zara to improve its extent of control. In light of these shortcomings, it is suggested that Zara consider repositioning the business to a premiumisation procedure as another business level methodology, broadening self-guided assembling and coordinations capacities, and concentrating on advancement that is more buyer driven. It is additionally suggested that Zara separate its items with an accentuation on style forward plan so as to catch the consideration of target advertises that esteem selectiveness. These systems will support Zara.’s future brand position and manufacture progressively positive brand value. Chapter by chapter guide EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction..................................................................................................... 2.0 Strategic issues and serious forces........................................................... 2.1 Industry Life Cycle analysis................................. ............................... 2.2 Porter’s Five Forces analysis............................................................... 2.3 PEST framework................................................................................. 3.0 Internal key audit..................................................................................... 4.0 PR emergencies at Zara.............................................................................................. 5.0 Recommendations for future business sustainability....................................... 5.1 Improving gracefully capabilities.............................................................. 5.2 Better use of advertising hypothesis and practice.............................. 5.3 Premiumisation..................................................................................... 5.4 Differentiation as business level strategy............................................. 6.0 Conclusion............................................ ............................................................ References 1.0 Introduction The quick design pioneer, Zara, gives style and adornment items to an assortment of productive customer advertises in numerous global markets. Zara stands apart from rivalry most particularly for the retailer’s capacity to restock in-store inventories with a lead time of just fourteen days or less. This is unrivaled in the retail business as most retail contenders require a long time so as to dispatch a

Eaters of The Dead :: essays papers

Eaters of The Dead â€Å"Eaters of the Dead† by Michael Crichton is a fiction however with verifiable foundation. Through this piece Crichton would like to communicate the lifestyle for the Vikings in the year 922 AD while simultaneously making an engaging story. Utilizing a composition composed by Ibn-Fadlan Crichton sorted out a book loaded up with experience and fervor. Michael Crichton was conceived in Chicago, 1942 and consistently realized he had an ability for composing. He went to Brown University and has since distributed numerous books, for example, â€Å"Jurassic Park†, â€Å"The Rising Sun†, â€Å"Disclosure†, and some more. A few of his books have been made into films, for instance, â€Å"Jurassic Park†, â€Å"The Lost World†, â€Å"Sphere†, â€Å"Congo†, and â€Å"Eaters of the Dead† is coming to theaters this mid year featuring Antonio Banderas. Michael Crichton is likewise the author of the hit TV show â€Å"ER†. Ibn-Fadlan is a refined Arab subject speaking to the amazing Caliph of Baghdad and the entire story line depends on his movements. He is a Muslim and is sent to the Bulgar land to educate the ruler in the Islamic religion, familiarize the lord with Islamic laws, and construct a Mosque in the city. Little does Ibn-Fadlan know where his movements will lead him. Wyglif is the current head of the Northmen (at that point) he has become sick and is accepted to get no opportunity of recuperation. When he passes on, soon after getting sick, Buliwyf is made the new pioneer. Buliwyf is a youthful respectable picked to be the Northmens new pioneer once Wyglif kicks the bucket. He is a gutsy warrior, tall and solid, and skin, hair, and facial hair of unadulterated white. Herger, one of the Northmen w arriors, additionally became Ibn-Fadlan’s companion. He helped him to decipher the expressions of the Northmen and furthermore helped Ibn-Fadlan become acquainted with their lifestyle and acceptable behavior around the Northmen. â€Å"The Wendols† are characters in the story who, as told by Ibn-Fadlan, don't appear to be completely human. They ride on the rear of a dark pony and have the leader of a bear. They are very furious warriors and are very malevolent. They emit an odor so solid it damages to inhale on the grounds that they devour human fragile living creature and it is consistently on their breath. They accompany the fog, a dim haze that surrounds the land when the Wendols come.

Blog Archive Mastering Your MBA Finances The Real Cost of an MBA (Part 3)

Blog Archive Mastering Your MBA Finances â€" The Real Cost of an MBA (Part 3) Once you have been accepted to your target MBA program, things start to move very quickly, and you will need to begin planning for your transition to business school right away. Understanding the financial realities of your MBA education is an important first step, and we have created this comprehensive, five-part “Mastering Your MBA Finances” series to help you do so. In this third installment of the series, we examine the costâ€"the real costâ€"of a full-time MBA program. (Be sure to read Part 1 and Part 2 of this series if you have not done so already.) For individualized advice, sign up for a free 30-minute budget planning session with an M7 Financial budgeting coach. In the first two installments of this series, we explored the potential revenue sources/income you can expect during your MBA program. Although considering the revenue outlook is important, many applicants are accepted to business school before they ever contemplate the reality of the costs of their graduate educationâ€"a “first things first” approach that can lead to serious sticker shock later. We always advise our clients to enter the MBA admissions process with their eyes wide open and a full understanding of the overall expenses involved. So what does attending a typical full-time MBA program cost, anyway? The schools usually state the average cost of attending their MBA program somewhere on their site, and at several top institutions, such as Wharton, Columbia Business School, and Harvard Business School, the grand total for a single person hovers at approximately $100,000 per nine-month academic year. Yes, that budget does not even cover a full calendar year. The following table presents several top schools’ projected costs for one academic year in their MBA program (in this case, 2015â€"2016). You will see that programs located in college towns tend to be less expensive than those in large cities. However, we have to question whether these numbers are even accurate. For example, take a look at the following budget for Wharton. Take a moment and consider some of the holes in this budget. Where does it go wrong? What has been overlooked? (We should note that we randomly picked Wharton for our example, but in fairness, virtually all schools propose budgets that are challenging to adhere to. And yes, that a business school would present a rather unrealistic budget for its prospective students is quite ironic.) Here we will break down some of the problems we see with Wharton’s suggested budget… Nine-Month Time Frame (270 Days): The schools offer budgets that cover only a nine-month time period (270 days), because their academic year is just nine months long. However, your rent will very likely need to be paid for a 12-month term, not a nine-month one. And of course, you will also need to eat for all 12 months of the calendar year. This means you will have to make some adjustments to this budget immediately. Plus, if your internship is in a different city from your school, you may need to rent another apartment over the summer, so you should consider that in your budget as well. Room and Board: At approximately $1,760 per month, the “rent” part of Wharton’s budget is fairly realistic (for just a nine-month period, however). It hews closely to the rents charged in Philadelphia’s Rittenhouse Square area, where many MBA students live (always check your target school’s rent projections against actual apartment listings in the area). However, most MBAs would have difficulty adhering to the “board” budget, which works out to just $17.69 per day  ($4,776/270 = $17.69). Maybe if you cooked all your meals at home, refrained from buying a cup of coffee each morning, and eschewed going out for drinks or meals with your new MBA friends (which is a big part of the business school experience), you could keep this expense in line with the projected budgetâ€"though we believe that less than $18 per day is probably still too conservative for the majority of MBA students. Travel: You will likely encounter a number of different travel opportunities while you are in business schoolâ€"to return home and see your family, with certain classes as part of the curriculum, around town or out of town for job interviews, and just plain for fun with friends as part of the MBA experience. Whatever your travel expenses may be, Wharton’s “transport” budget of $910â€"just $3.37 per day ($910/270 = $3.37)â€"seems too low to accommodate anything more than using public transportation within the city of Philadelphia. A single cab ride between Wharton and the airport, at approximately $40 with tip, would be enough to throw off this aspect of your budget considerably. Moving: Do you already live in the same city or general area as your target MBA program? Although some MBA candidates do, many typically do not. You may therefore have to take moving expenses into account, and even if you plan to sell most or all of your existing furniture and possessions so that you will not have to move them with you, you will probably have to buy new items later to ensure you have everything you need for your time in business school. This Wharton budget does not even include a line for the costs associated with moving out or in. “Capital Expenditures”: Has the time come to upgrade your computer? Do you need a new suit/outfit to ensure that you present yourself appropriately and professionally in interviews? None of these types of costs are included in the typical MBA student budget, and Wharton’s projected “personal” budget of just under $12.50 a day will not likely allow for much in this category. To get a truly accurate picture of the funds you will need to cover all aspects of your MBA experience, you will need to account for these sorts of purchases. Loan Origination Fees: Many student loan companies charge loan origination feesâ€"an extra cost you must pay for the “privilege” of taking out a loan from them. You will of course need to read the fine print on any loan(s) you consider for your MBA, but we cannot think of any reason to pursue a loan with such fees, which appear to currently range from 2.0% to more than 4.0%. One exception would be government loans, which can charge origination fees as high as 4.28% but come with the possibility of loan forgiveness in the future (if you are interested in less financially rewarding post-MBA work). Please note that the MBA student loans presented at M7 Financial (www.m7financial.com) have no origination or other fees. As we continue to construct a sample MBA budget in this newsletter series, we will assume that you will not be taking out a loan with such fees. We have just examined the major discrepancies between a typical projected budget provided by a school and the reality of MBA expenses. Make adjustments to accommodate a 12- or 21-month calendar, increase your allowance for travel, include some moving expenses, adjust the “board” budget for the occasional night out with your colleagues, and add some funds to cover necessary technical or wardrobe purchases, and you will soon see that a conservative budget can still be significantly off the mark. We feel a prudent increase for discretionary expenses only (no increases for tuition, books, etc.) would be approximately 10% over the school’s projections. Let us reiterate that our intention with this series is not to frighten you but to give you a more accurate and workable picture of the financial life of a business school student. You are pursuing your MBA not to accumulate expenses but to take control of your financial future, and that path starts here! Check back next week, when we examine the opportunity cost of an MBA.  And if you are looking for even more strategies for funding your degree and minimizing your debt burden, download the free M7 Financial Student Loan (Reduction) Primer or sign up for a free, 30-minute, one-on-one budget planning session! Share ThisTweet Business School News

The First Anti-Drug Price Gouging Law Essay - 904 Words

The first anti-drug price gouging law went into effect in Maryland on October 1, has already survived its first legal challenge, and may yet prove to be a cut-and-paste model for a nation generally pissed that drug makers are hiking the prices of medicines they need to live. â€Å"The basic fact is there are folks all over Maryland and across the country that are sick and they cannot access these life saving medicines because of the cost,† says Matthew Celentano, deputy director for policy and communications for the Maryland Citizens’ Health Initiative. Drug makers in the United States have largely abandoned treating the sick according to the Hippocratic Oath for a guiding philosophy of fuck you, pay me. The most hotly spotlighted cases are†¦show more content†¦Still, some counter that â€Å"unconscionable† is too vague to be meaningful—imagine if speed limits were as vaguely defined, argues the general counsel for a group of generic drug makers. But putting a clear price tag on what is too much, like 65 mph on the highway, might serve as an invitation to walk right up to the line of what is legal and what is unconscionable, and back it off just a little bit. â€Å"Maryland legislators tried hard here to specify with sufficient precision what kinds of price increases would be justifiable and which wouldn’t be,† says Rachel E. Sachs, an associate professor at the Washington University School of Law. â€Å"If legislators had been as specific as the generic industry wants them to be—such as by stating a specific percentage beyond which price increases would be investigated—the industry could then take price increases up to that point with impunity.† Other opponents charge that the high prices of drugs aren’t examples of price gouging at all, but necessary increases for drug makers to recoup costs of research and development. Yet a Health Affairs study shows otherwise: enough money is made by US drug companies that they could cover research and development and still save â€Å"US patients, businesses, and taxpayers approximately $40 billion† per year, if they operated like the rest of the world. In fact, we are likely underestimating how badly we are being price gouged by some drug makers—after all, a

The Most Important Black Leader Of 19th Century - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 777 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Frederick Douglass Essay Did you like this example? Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass suffered approximately twenty years in the bondage of slavery. Douglass never received formal education but was determined to teach himself to read and write. He first got ideas about freedom from The Columbian Orator. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Most Important Black Leader Of 19th Century" essay for you Create order He overcame adversity and was extremely brave. Frederick Douglass transitioned from being a slave to being an advocate for abolition and other civil rights movements such as the womenrs rights movement. Frederick Douglass never knew his father and was taken away from his mother shortly after birth. Frederick was most likely the result of his master or overseer raping his mother. Even his birth was caused by an act of cruelty. Douglass witnessed many injustices throughout his life that disturbed him and made him want to seek change. As a child he befriended poor white children and traded bread in an attempt to gain knowledge. He shined shoes so that he could earn money to buy The Columbian Orator. Douglass had many masters, some were fair and some were cruel but slavery was never a fortunate situation to be in. Frederick was almost like someone from the outside looking in on the horror of slavery, I did not, when a slave, understand the deep meaning of those rude and apparently incoherent songs (Douglass, Frederick 50). Douglass never knew what the salve songs really meant and represented. Although he was a slave, Douglass was always different. Douglass refused to accept his unfortunate situation and took action to change his life. Douglass got many ideas about abolition from The Columbian Orator and always knew that he was not meant to remain a slave for his entire life. The Columbian Orator contained themes of nationalism, religion, and individual liberty. These ideas led him to believe that the book had an anti-slavery tone. A couple of Irish sailors once encouraged Douglass to run away and that further filled his head with ideas of freedom. He loses his spirit when he is sent to work for Edward Covey and considers suicide. A fight with Covey rekindles his fighting spirit. Secretly, he starts teaching the other slaves to read and write. A plan was formed with other slaves to escape but they were caught before action was ever taken to run away. Douglass is sent to Baltimore to live with Hugh Auld. He becomes a apprentice for ship building and ship caulking. During that time he is attacked by four white men. After he recovers, Douglass works at Auldrs shipyard. He is able to make money but is forced to give hi s wages to Auld. Douglass seeks work on his own and takes on the responsibilities of a free man. He believed that his story was his most important possession. On September 3, 1838, Frederick Douglass escaped Slavery in Baltimore Maryland. The details of his escape were not revealed at the time because he did not want slave owners to know how to prevent their slaves from escaping as well. It was known that he ran away to New York City. The city is overwhelming to Douglass. He is taken in by a free black. On September 15 he married Anna Murray. It is at this time that he chooses to change his name from Bailey to Douglass. They then moved to New Bedford Massachusetts. He spoke about his experiences during his time as a slave and became an orator for abolition. During his tours where he visited England, Ireland, and Scotland abolitionists offered to pay for his freedom. He returned to America as a free man. He wrote the book Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass to prove his enslavement and record his experiences. He also supported womenrs rights and helped with the underground railroad. Douglass was an abolitionist, reformer, editor, or ator, and author. For Douglass, literacy was power. He wanted to prove that blacks were not naturally inferior but that they were made inferior by white people. Frederick Douglass was the most important black leader of the nineteenth century. He displayed amazing bravery and independence. He refused to accept his condition and looked for ways to lessen the burden of slavery and better himself. Douglass had ideas of freedom from an early age and they fuled him to keep fighting. Once he was free, he spent his time trying to help those who were still being oppressed. Frederick Douglass was a voice for the voiceless and a glimmer of hope from people still fighting for their rights. Works Cited Douglass, Frederick, and Ira Dworkin. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. Penguin Classics, 2014. Frederick Douglass. National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 2 Feb. 2018, www.nps.gov/frdo/learn/historyculture/frederickdouglass.htm.

Loneliness Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck - 1020 Words

Jose A. Lamendola Ms. Andrews English Period B October 26, 2015 Loneliness in Of Mice and Men Loneliness is the state of sadness because of having no companions or living in isolation. Loneliness is a feeling that no one should ever feel, however, it is a feeling that many come to have at one point in their lives or another. In the book Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, two men, named Lennie and George, travel together to California to work on a ranch. While working on the ranch, Lennie and George encounter many hardships and look to their friends in order to help overcome them in order to achieve their life’s goal. Throughout the story, many of the characters dreams and desires are affected by a form of loneliness. As a result, many of the characters try to find ways in order to cope with their internal struggle. In this story, George, one of the two main characters, faces an internal struggle with himself in order to fit in with the rest of society. Even though George has the company of Lennie, a mentally challenged person, George feels that mentally he is alone. George realizes that with Lennie he could never achieve the life of a â€Å"normal† person. As a result of Lennie’s poor decision making, George and Lennie are constantly moving around and are unable to find stability in their lives. In addition, George and Lennie are both very poor and are unable to afford anything due to the fact that they cannot keep a job. Unfortunately, due to Lennie’s dullness, LennieShow MoreRelatedLoneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesLoneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck This book is set in a deserted, lonely country. The individuals in the story are isolated by particular features such as age, sex, disability and race. They appear to relate to each other, however, each is essential trapped by their situation. In the end they are unable to help each other to escape their loneliness or to escape their own fate. Of Mice and Men is set in the farmland of the Salinas valley, where JohnRead MoreLoneliness in Of Mice And Men by John Steinbeck Essay999 Words   |  4 PagesLoneliness in Of Mice And Men by John Steinbeck In the book Of Mice And Men by John Steinbeck loneliness is very significant and a major theme. Many of the characters are very lonely and some of them try to look for an alternative way of life. George and Lennie have each other, Candy has his dog to keep him company, Crooks is lonely because he is black and Curley’s wife was so lonely it killed her. The book Of Mice And Men is set a few miles south of Soledad, which Read MoreLoneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesLoneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Throughout the novel, Of Mice and Men (by John Steinbeck), loneliness is the major underlying theme of the novel. You could almost say that the book has ‘hormonal ups and downs. Most of the characters are very lonely because they have no family. However, George and Lennie are the contradiction to this. George and Lennies bond towards each other are so- strong that you can almost see it as you are reading the book. Candy the old crippled man wantsRead MoreLoneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesOf Mice and Men is a novella written by John Steinbeck in the 1930’s. It possesses many prominent themes that are evident throughout the whole book. One distinct theme is loneliness. John Steinbeck uses many conventions to convey this theme to the reader including characterization, context, foreshadowing and resolution. Through the use of these conventions, readers developed attitude and opinions, which change with modern society and the readerà ¢â‚¬â„¢s context. The theme of loneliness is best portrayedRead MoreLoneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay1206 Words   |  5 Pagesmeant for many people at that time, they could not achieve their American Dream. Of Mice and Men was written in 1937, seven years after the start of the Great Depression. I presume that the Depression must have influenced this novel. Steinbeck was a controversial novelist because of his support for the underprivileged, and he had had experience of working on ranches. Of Mice and Men deals with a range of characters who all have dreams. George had a dream of owningRead MoreEssay about The Theme of Loneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck1128 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme of Loneliness in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck This essay will describe the way loneliness is shown in Of Mice and Men. Most of the characters are lonely and the only thing that keeps them alive is their dreams. Some of the loneliest characters we come across in the novel are Candy, an old man with only one hand, Crooks, a black cripple and Curleys Wife, a woman who has no name; she is lonely even though she is married. Although they are all on the ranch Read MoreHow Does John Steinbeck Portray Loneliness and Isolation in the Novel â€Å"of Mice and Men†?1698 Words   |  7 PagesHow does John Steinbeck portray loneliness and isolation in the novel â€Å"Of Mice and Men†? The novel of â€Å"Of Mice and Men† was written in the time of the great depression in the 1930’s in America, this was the time in which Professional workers became Migrant workers due to the Wall Street crash in 1929. The great depression caused many professional workers to turn to working in farmland harvesting wheat. John Steinbeck published the novel of â€Å"Of Mice and Men† in 1937 it is set in Salinas, CaliforniaRead MoreLoneliness Felt in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck and Eleanor Rigby by John Lennon and Paul McCartney542 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck and the poem Eleanor Rigby by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, many of the characters are experiencing loneliness. When people feel lonely their way of lifestyle are different then that of someones whos not lonely or them if they were not lonely. Also because they are lonely their actions are different. They portray this in both the novel and the poem. 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Principles of Marketing Consumer Behavior and Marketing Action

Question: Describe about the Principles of Marketing for Consumer Behavior and Marketing Action? Answer: Introduction This report aims at examining the concepts of principles of marketing and thoroughly explaining the marketing activities. Marketing is one of the integrated activities in an organisation (Schultz, 2003). It usually involves plethora of activities concerned with determining the needs of the consumers and eventually providing them what they want (Assael, 1984). It includes four core elements called 4Ps comprising of product, price, place and promotion. Hence, marketers consider carrying out market research as one of the critical starting points to determine what customer needs with respect to the 4Ps (Schultz and Braun, 1998). In an organisation, a marketing department is usually responsible to carry out marketing activities on behalf of the organisation (Andersen, 2014). This department works closely with new and existing product development to meet to the needs of customers. The product to be examined in this report is a local savoury snack which has been manufactured by a local savo ury snack manufacturer. An informal report needs to be developed which will include how and why the marketing team of the manufacturing company will be advertising it. Section 1 Marketing is one of critical steps of the strategic growth of an organization. After the strategic plan of an organization has been defined, the next big step is to carry out the marketing which will help achieving the objectives laid down in the strategic plan (Ang Chua, 2012). As per (Ansoff, 2012), marketing process is defined as the process to analyse marketing opportunities, determining target market and developing the marketing mix effectively. The centre of the marketing process is occupied by the target customers (Schultz, 2002). A marketing process includes several steps such as examining the market opportunities, determining target market, developing the market and eventually, managing the marketing effort (Armstrong, Adam, Denize Kotler, 2014). As far as UK snack industry is concerned, it is rapidly growing due to emergence of new trends. This has provided the local snack manufacturers with new ways to grow in a highly competitive market. As per government reports, the i ndustry has witnessed a remarkable growth of 21.2% as of 2014 and it is expected to grow in similar fashion by 2018 (Reuters, 2014). Considering the above discussion about the marketing process, the procedure to be adopted for the marketing of local savoury snack is s follows. Determine marketing opportunities: The first step to plan about conducting marketing activities for local savoury snack is to determine market trends first. As far as snack industry in UK is concerned, it has made huge profits as of 2013. The snack consumption rose by 5.8 % which had given a clear indication of rising trends of the industry. Reports suggest that the increasing value of total retail sales in the snack market in spread in three sectors. People in UK consider potato chips as the most famous snacks (Reuters, 2014). For this, companies have been doing in-store promotions depending upon the saturation level. However, with time, people have started demanding variety in snacks and also considering its dietary value. Therefore, it is evident that there is a potential buyer market for local savoury snack. Determine market trends: The second step is to determine the market trends of the UK industry. Foremost, consumers in UK demand safe and healthy snacks. As per a report, consumers now-a-days are interested in natural and organic food which are rich in nutritional value. Hence, snack companies reduce salt and fat content in their foods (Reuters, 2014). The same has been followed for this new snack in which the makers have lowered salt content in the snack making it nutritionally high. Secondly, with changing time, consumers are being very aware about the food nutritional and calorie content (Davidson, 2015). Hence, there is a dire need that makers share the nutritional information of this new snack to build credibility. Then people in UK are increasingly becoming aware about the food that has less impact on the environment. Makers of this new snack need to ensure that the packaging and manufacturing of this product do not harm the environment at all. Select target market: The third step to develop efficient marketing activities is to select a target market for the product. For this snack, the company will be targeting the consumers in the age group 10-30 years. However, marketers can adopt market segmentation to target appropriate customers. Within marketing segmentation, the marketers can group customers with similar needs, behavior and characteristics (Berger and Nasr, 1998). For local snack company, the marketers can target people who seek potato snacks since this new snack has high levels of potato. Besides this, other key concept of marketing is targeting. For the marketing to be efficient, the marketers will have to select appropriate targeting strategies (Bonoma. Zaltman, 2011). The marketers can adopt Concentrated marketing strategy for the new snack. In this concentrated strategy, the focus is on designing a promotional message that communicates the benefits needed for a single specific segment. For this snack, the targ eting strategy will be placing ads on TV for kids, teenagers and professionals. Also, there will be billboards displayed across different places in UK. The third important concept is positioning which aims at placing the product uniquely in the market (Urban, Hauser, and Urban, 1993). For this, the marketers need to adopt Differentiated marketing strategy in which the new snack product should be able to attract the target audience in a unique way. Develop a marketing mix: Once the strategic plan is developed, the next step is to develop a marketing mix. As per (Bagozzi, 1994), marketing mix is defined as the set of controllable marketing variables that an organization use to attract target audience. Marketing mix includes 4Ps including product, price, place and promotion. A detailed marketing mix for the new product is given in the later section of the report. These are the crucial components of the marketing of the new snack. The industry is growing at a rapid pace and hence there are immense growth opportunities for this new product (Vargo and Lusch, 2004). Section 2 This section outlines the STP for the new snack. As analysed above, there is a huge market for the snacks in UK especially potato snacks. However, other snacks including gourmet popcorn are also very popular (Davidson, 2015). Overall, this snack industry is rapidly increasing in UK. STP or segmentation, targeting and positioning is a three stage process which helps in establishing efficient marketing strategies. First, marketers determine what kinds of customers first. Second, marketers select which ones are best target audience to serve and thirdly, they implement the segmentation by optimizing products and services (Bracker, 2012). Segmentation: It is the process of determining different kinds of consumers with different needs (Baker, 1991). For instance, customers may want different things from a product and hence marketers have to segment them as per their requirements. As far as new snack is concerned, it is intended for the people in the age group 10-25 years who often need snacks while they are on the go or relaxing at home. Since the snack industry in UK is highly competitive so there is no need to choose certain variables to segment the consumers. For this snack, preference for taste Vs low calories can be used as most critical variable. People who are seeking tasty snacks with high nutritional value will love this snack. Targeting: It is the process of targeting one or more segments with appropriate targeting strategy (Berry, 1983). Since snack industry in UK is already established so it is challenging to appeal to such a segment. When selecting an appropriate targeting strategy, the factors such as acceptance of the segment, size of the segment, future prospects of the segment and strengths of the sector are vital. The snacks such as Kettle Chips are already very famous in UK so it is very difficult to convince people about this new snack. The targeting strategy for the new snack will be concentrated as it will focus on promoting the chips across one defined target market. The target market of this new snack will be consumers in the age group 10-25 years. As per a survey conducted by Food Standard Agency it has been found out that 79% of male and 86% of females consume chips and other snacks in this age group. Also, this is the target audience which can be effectively manipulated by emotive messages in the advertisements. This is the primary target group while there is a need to target secondary group as well with the adults in the age group 25-44 years. This target group do not consumer snacks as much as the primary consumers but cannot be overlooked (Webster, 1988). This new snack can serve as a convenient snack and can easily integrate into the lives of people who have less time to cook meals. Positioning: It is the process of targeting the audience which has been selected in the targeting component (Capon, Farley Hubert, 2014). Many companies select to position themselves as technologically advance, user-friendly, healthy and pick any other quality so as to position the product uniquely in the market. This quality of the product which positions the product uniquely in the competitive market differentiates the product from other similar products. Eventually, the product gets competitive edge among other products. The positioning process is depicted below. Fig 1: Positioning Process Source: Capon, Farley Hubert, 2014 As discussed above, there is a need for snack manufacturer to position itself uniquely. For this, it is possible that this new snack positions itself as a healthy snack and entices consumers with its rich nutritional value. The consumers will be happy consuming a snack which is healthy and also tasty. There are competitive brands already in UK such as Kettle Chips which can give a tough competition to the new snack. However, marketing it as a healthy snack will beneficial as people will be happy consuming a nutritious snack. Hence, this is the STP of the new snack. The analysis of the STP has shown that the target market of cane be divided into primary and secondary markets. This new snack will be targeted at the primary consumers in the age group 10-25 years. However, the secondary target market for the snack includes the adults in the age group 25-44 years. Therefore, all the marketing strategies should be centered about these target markets only. Section 3 This section aims at analyzing the marketing mix of the new snack. Also we will be developing extended marketing for the new snack and examine how it contributes towards marketing of the project. As per (Churchill and Iacobucci, 2010) marketing mix is defined as a strategic process to examine the product, place, promotion, price and other components of the products. The product corresponds to the commodity which needs to be offered to the customer (Desai, 2014). It can either be a physical product or any service. The place corresponds to the place where the product will be made available to the consumers such as retail store, food outlet etc (Doyle, 2011). The price refers to the rate at which the product will be offered. The promotion corresponds to the marketing activities to be conducted for the product. These are the components of a regular marketing mix while there are three more components of an extended marketing mix (Feinberg, Kinnear Taylor, 2012). These include people, phy sical evidence and process. The marketing mix of this new snack is as below. Element New Snack Product As per analysis done in earlier sections, it is quite evident that consumers in UK prefer eating healthy snacks which are environment friendly as well. This new snack is a healthy and rich in nutrients snack which is targeted at the customers falling the age group 10-25 years. However, for an organization, it is vital that they develop products which are able to provide a competitive edge to the company (Gummesson, 1987). Hence, the makers of the product should keep in mind that it is critical to cater to the needs of the target audience well. To gain competitive advantage, numerous strategies can be used by organizations such as leadership, diversification, focus strategy and differentiation (Gruen, Summers, and Acito, 2000). The makers of the new snack needs to adopt differentiation strategy so as to achieve the desired objectives and sustain in highly competitive market. Since this snack is healthy and is rich in nutritional value so it is able to differentiate itself from other p roducts. Place The place where the product is provided by the company should be convenient for the people to access (IMP Group, 1982). It is critical that the place where the product is available is within the reach of the consumers. Hence, the new snack will be available in all leading supermarkets such as ALDI, Tesco and will be mass distributed. The company can also make the sack available at vending machines in public places like cinema halls, parks, malls so as to increase the exposure of the product. The snack will be placed at the middle shelves of the supermarkets so that consumers can see them and buy them. Price The prices of the products should be set in such a way that those are able to justify the value of the product (Kotler, 2012). Hence, organizations need to adopt intelligent pricing strategy for the products. There are different pricing strategies adopted by the companies including value-based, premium, penetration, skimming pricing strategy (Kotler, 1975). The pricing strategy adopted for this new snack will be psychological which will be depending upon on different situations. Since this new snack is available in different sizes so prices will vary. Also, the price of the snack at petrol pumps, convenience stores, cinema halls and other public places will be fixed. But it will vary in retail depending upon occasion. For instance, the makers can offer a discount on the snack on Easter. Hence, this is the price of this new snack in the highly competitive snack market. Promotion The promotional activity is vital to increase the reach of the product (Morgan and Hunt, 1994). The promotional activity to be adopted should be able to achieve various goals and objectives. The marketing activities need to specific so as to get integrated in the promotional objectives (Peter, Olson, and Grune, 1999). There are three key promotional activities suggested for the marketing of this new snack. First is to air the advertisement of the snack on TV to emotionally inspire the target audience. Second is to collaborate with cinema houses so that they can show the advertisement of the snack in the interval of the show. The third is social media marketing to reach the target audience. The consumers in the age group 10-25 years are active on social media. Hence these are some of the promotional activities decided for the snack. People People in the marketing mix are the target audience for the product (Parsons, Gijsbrechts, Leeflang, and Wittink, 1994). This new snack will be targeted at the primary consumers in the age group 10-25 years. However, the secondary target market for the snack includes the adults in the age group 25-44 years. Processes The processes include the key activities in the manufacturing and production of snack (Palmatier, Dant, Grewal, and Evans, 2006). The processes such as packaging, manufacturing, marketing comprise the key processes of the new snack. Physical evidence It is the environment by which consumers would be surrounding when consuming the product (Rothaermel, 2012). As far as this snack is concerned, the physical evidence will be retail stores, cinema houses or public places. This is the marketing mix of the new snack which is to be rolled out by a local snack manufacturer. This marketing will contribute immensely towards the achievement of the marketing goals (Zeithaml, Bitner, and Gremler, 2010). Since the marketing mix has clearly out the product, the audience and intended promotional activities to be carried out for the advertising of the product, it is more like a marketing plan for the snack. Conclusion Overall, it can be said that marketing of a product is one of the critical activities carried by an organisation. There are plenty of things that need to be considered when forming marketing strategies such as segmentation, targeting and positioning. The market trends for snacks in UK depicts that the industry is rapidly growing due to which there is a huge scope for this snack. This new snack will be targeted at the primary consumers in the age group 10-25 years. Also, the makers will be placing it as a healthy snack in the market due to which people will be enticed to buy it and eventually it will get a competitive edge. Therefore, this report has analysed the marketing activities for the new snack and examined the market for it. References Assael, H 1984, Consumer Behavior And Marketing Action, Kent Pub. Co. Andersen, T 2014, 'Strategic Planning, Autonomous Actions and Corporate Performance', Long Range Planning, 33(2), pp. 184-200. Ang, J Chua, J 2012, 'Long-range planning in Large United States Corporations,' Long Range Planning, Volume 12, pp. 99-102. Ansoff, HI 2012, 'Strategic Management,' New York: John Wiley Sons. Armstrong, G, Adam, S, Denize, S Kotler, P 2014, 'Principles of Marketing,' Melbourne: Pearson Australia. Berger, PD and Nasr, NI 1998, 'Customer lifetime value: Marketing models and applications,' Journal of interactive marketing,12(1), pp.17-30. Bonoma, TV Zaltman, G 2011, 'Organizational Buying Behavior,' s.l.:Marketing Classics Press. Bagozzi, RP 1994, 'Principles of marketing research,' Cambridge, MA: Blackwell. pp. 386-422 Bracker, JS 2012, 'Planning and Financial Performance Among Small Entrepreneurial Firms: An industry study,' San Diego, Georgia State University. Baker, Michael J 1991, 'Marketing strategy and management,' Macmillan Education UK.. Berry, LL 1983, 'Relationship marketing,' American Marketing Association. Capon, N, Farley, JU Hubert, J 2014, 'Corporate Strategic Planning,' New York: Columbia University Press. Churchill, GA and Iacobucci, D 2010, 'Marketing research,' methodological foundations. Davidson, J 2015, 'Popcorn explosion drives growth in UK snacks market,' https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/11809259/Popcorn-explosion-drives-growth-in-UK-snacks-market.html Accessed on 16-02-2016. Desai, B 2014, 'Does strategic planning create value? The stock markets belief,' Management Decision, 3810, p. 685683. Doyle, C 2011, 'A Dictionary of Marketing,' Oxford: OUP Oxford. Feinberg, F, Kinnear, T Taylor, J 2012, 'Modern Marketing Research: Concepts, Methods, and Cases,' New York: Cengage Learning. Gummesson, E 1987, 'The new marketingdeveloping long-term interactive relationships,' Long range planning, 204, pp.10-20. Gruen, TW, Summers, JO. and Acito, F 2000 , 'Relationship marketing activities, commitment, and membership behaviors in professional associations,' Journal of marketing, 643, pp.34-49. IMP Group. 1982, 'International marketing and purchasing of industrial goods: An interaction approach,' Chichester: Wiley. Kotler, P 2012, 'Marketing,' Melbourne: Pearson Higher Education AU. Kotler, P 1975, 'Marketing for nonprofit organizations,' Morgan, RM and Hunt, SD 1994, 'The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing,' The journal of marketing, pp.20-38. Peter, JP, Olson, JC and Grunert, KG 1999, 'Consumer behavior and marketing strategy,' London: McGraw-Hill. pp. 122-123 Parsons, LJ, Gijsbrechts, E, Leeflang, PS and Wittink, DR 1994, 'Marketing science, econometrics, and managerial contributions,' Research Traditions in Marketing, pp.52-78. Palmatier, RW, Dant, RP, Grewal, D and Evans, KR 2006, 'Factors influencing the effectiveness of relationship marketing: a meta-analysis,' Journal of marketing, 704, pp.136-153. Rothaermel, FT 2012, 'Strategic Management: Concepts,' Boston: McGraw-Hill Education. Reuters. 2014, 'Research and Markets: UK Snack Foods Market Report 2014-2018,' https://uk.reuters.com/article/research-and-markets-idUKnBw115339a+100+BSW20140711 . Accessed on 16-02-2016. Schultz, RL 2003, 'Principles of Marketing. working paper,' University of Iowa. Schultz, RL 2001, 'THE ROLE OF EGO IN PRODUCT FAILURE,' Schultz, RL and Braun, KA 1998, 'The overreach effect on new product decisions working paper,' University of Iowa. Schultz, RL 2002, 'THE SUCCESS OF MARKETING KNOWLEDGE,' Urban, GL, Hauser, JR and Urban, GL 1993,'Design and marketing of new products,'Vol. 2.' Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice hall. Vargo, SL and Lusch, RF 2004, 'Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing,' Journal of marketing, 681, pp.1-17. Webster, FE 1988, 'The rediscovery of the marketing concept,' Business horizons, 313, pp.29-39. Zeithaml, VA, Bitner, MJ and Gremler, DD 2010, 'Services marketing strategy,' John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

Essay On Caesar In Shakespeares Play Of Caesar Brutus Is A Conspirator

Essay on Caesar In Shakespeare's play of "Caesar" Brutus is a conspirator who portrays a person who favors a republic for Rome. Brutus is an honorable man. Many characters in the play show there reverence for Brutus. Brutus exemplifies his honor in many ways. Brutus is obsequious when he is needed to abet his fellow romans. Brutus is an honorable man. "Am I entreated to Speak and Strike? O Rome I make thee promise, If the redress will follow, then receivest thy full petition at the hand of Brutus" (Shakespeare 397). Brutus will obey to whatever the romans convey to him. Consequently, Brutus joins the conspiracy inorder to help the romans rid rome of Caesar. Brutus also understands that he is putting it all on the line for his romans, therefore Brutus is an honorable man. Brutus is a scrupulous man, whose virtues endure. "No not an oath, If not by the face of men, the sufferance of our souls, the time's abuse-If these motives be weak, break off betimes, and every men hence to his idle bed; So let high sighted tyranny rage on, till each man drop by lottery" (Shakespeare 399). Brutus said that if the conspirators do not join for a common cause, then there is no need for an oath because the conspirators are self-righteous, and they are serving the romans. If the conspirators don't bind together, then each man will go his own way, become a weakling, and die when it suits the tyrants caprice. Brutus is advocates peace, freedom and liberty, for all romans, which shows that Brutus is an altruistic as well as an honorable man. Brutus also had a compassion for Caesar when he had killed Caesar. "If then that a friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more" (Shakespeare 421). Brutus had honored Caesar but Brutus felt that Caesar was to ambitious. Brutus also felt that Caesar made the romans as slaves. Therefore, Brutus is an honorable man. Brutus is a noble man who was revered by many. Brutus had j oined the conspiracy because he had the desire to help the commoners. He was a follower of idealism, where the romans would possess peace, liberty and freedom. Brutus wanted the kill Caesar, because he believed that all of the people of Rome would eventually be slaves, thus Brutus resorted to the assassination if Caesar. Brutus is a honorable man. Marcus Brutus was a good friend to Julius Caesar, but not good enough. He had moral values dealing with Rome and its people. Brutus' values then made him join a conspiracy against Caesar put together by Cassius. Brutus joined this mainly because he didn't want Caesar to turn his back on Rome so there would be a reasonable reason for killing Caesar. If Brutus wasn't in the play, there would be no "Tragedy" in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar.

How to Use Conjunctions As Far As, Since, and Even Though

How to Use Conjunctions As Far As, Since, and Even Though How to Use Conjunctions: As Far As, Since, and Even Though We use conjunctions (e.g., and or but) to build grammatical sentences, which in turn allows us to express ourselves clearly. Every conjunction has its own meaning though, so it’s a good idea to learn a few more! In this post, we take a closer look at three conjunctions that could help in your academic writing: â€Å"as far as,† â€Å"since† and â€Å"even though.† As Far As (To the Degree That) Used as a conjunction, â€Å"as far as† means â€Å"to the degree or extent that.† It therefore qualifies statements that apply only under certain conditions. The phrases like â€Å"as far as we know,† for instance, signals that something is based on incomplete information: The experiment poses no risk as far as we know. Here, â€Å"as far as† suggests the sentence is true to the best of our understanding. However, it leaves open the possibility that it is based on imperfect knowledge. Because â€Å"as far as† is a subordinating conjunction when used like this, it always joins a dependent clause (â€Å"as far as we know†) to an independent clause (â€Å"The experiment poses no risk†). Since (Time and Justification) Also a subordinating conjunction, â€Å"since† has two distinct uses. The first is to specify that something happened after a particular point in time: Since learning to dance, I’ve felt more graceful. In this case, â€Å"since† shows that the speaker started feeling this way only after learning to dance. The second meaning is to introduce a reason or justification for something (making it a synonym for â€Å"because†): Since we are interested in how people perceive retail experiences, we have adopted a qualitative research approach. Here, the word â€Å"since† joins a clause about the reason for picking a research approach to the main clause about the approach chosen. Even Though (Despite the Fact That) The term â€Å"even though† is used to introduce contrast in a sentence, like saying â€Å"despite the fact that†: Even though he was completely deaf from around 1820, Beethoven began work on his Ninth Symphony in 1822. The difference between â€Å"even though† and â€Å"though† is simply that â€Å"even though† is more emphatic. We therefore use â€Å"even though† when introducing a particularly surprising or unexpected contrast.

Depression Amongst Transsexuals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Depression Amongst Transsexuals - Essay Example It has been reported that approximately 1 in 30,000 adult genetic males and 1 in 100,000 genetic females seek to change their sex ("Gender dysphoria", NHS direct). These persons suffer from a unique type of depression known as gender dysphoria wherein the mind of the affected persons assumes that he or she actually belongs to the sex opposite to that what has been assigned to him/her physically at the time of birth. The transsexual can be male -to-female or female-to-male. A transsexual may be heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual. This condition is different from transvestism wherein people get sexual or emotional pleasure from wearing the clothing of the opposite sex. The condition of gender dysphoria remains profoundly stigmatizing (Ghosh, 2006). The disorder affects an individuals self-image, and can impact the persons mannerisms, behavior and dress (â€Å"Mental health†, WebMD). Due to confusion about the individual sex, the person experiences anxiety and feelings and fear of rejection. These feelings often lead to chronic depression and even suicidal tendencies. Many of them attempt to undergo hormone and surgical treatment to physically change their sex. Most of them have impairment in social and occupational functioning. Also, many individuals with this condition become socially isolated. Isolation and ostracism contribute to low self esteem and may lead to school aversion or dropping out of school (â€Å"DSM IV†, Gender Identity Disorder). Boys with this condition show marked female mannerisms and speech patterns and are subjected to teasing which further makes them go in to depression (â€Å"DSM IV†, Gender Identity D isorder). Often, in many of them, the disturbance can be so pervasive that the individuals’ thoughts revolve only around those activities that lessen gender distress and they are often preoccupied with appearance, especially early in the transition to living in the opposite sex role (â€Å"DSM IV†, Gender Identity Disorder). Relationships

A Perky Way to Productivity Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

A Perky Way to Productivity - Case Study Example However, the kinds of perks being offered at some of these companies are not in response to actions, but offered as incentive to do their jobs; that is not the point or purpose of benefits and perks in the workplace. The company pays you to show up on time and to do your work, they should not have to offer you a bonus for what they are already paying you for innately. When used correctly incentives provide the company with increasing revenue, but also motivate the employees at the same time. They have lower turnover and higher retention (Miller, 2007). If something works then it is feasible to invest in it. However, there is a point where such things can become extreme. For example, an â€Å"employee nap room† is a little inappropriate in the workplace; it does not exactly promote energy and productivity. The concern can come when potential employees stop choosing their careers and workplaces based on the quality of the company but more dependent upon the nature of the rewards they will receive. When better perks are offered by a competitor they will be quick to â€Å"bail out† on the company. It can start to be less like rewarding good employees for a job well-done and instead, essentially, bribing them not to leave. This could easily diminish the integrity of the business in the long term. The employee motivation strategies the two companies, Genentech and Zappos, are implementing involve a number of typical and unusual motivators. Firstly, they use traditional incentives like, bonuses and other monetary motivators. They, also, employ strategies that involve some unique choices and incentives. They offer things like on-site employee day care, special rooms for nursing mothers, free snacks, pajama parties, and â€Å"employee nap rooms.† Both, of these companies are boasting that their employee satisfaction and retention are high and their turnover is low, which means that

Domestic Violence Against Women In India Sociology Essay

Domestic Violence Against Women In India Sociology Essay Domestic Violence is an act of physical, sexual or psychological abuse against a woman by someone who is intimately connected to her through marriage, family relation or acquaintanceship. It has its roots in the patriarchal set up of the society. Women have always been considered to be the weaker sex. Right from the later Vedic age to the 21st century, Indian women have never experienced the freedom that men have. They have always been subjected to inequality. The subordinate status of women combined with patriarchal ideologies is a major cause of domestic violence. According to United Nation Population Fund Report, around two-third of married Indian women are victims of Domestic Violence attacks. To protect women against Domestic Violence, the Parliament passed The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 According to this act, any woman who has been subjected to domestic violence can file a complaint to the police officer, protection officer or the magistrate in the for m of Domestic Incident Report, which is similar to an FIR. However, this act is not enough. In light of the increasing instances of domestic violence against women, the government needs to take more stringent measures to reduce the prevalence of domestic violence against women. Objectives The objectives of this project are as follows:- What is the magnitude of domestic violence against women in India? What is the prevalence of physical, sexual and psychological abuse against Indian women? What community and families are associated with domestic violence against women? Whether domestic violence is more prevalent in the higher or in the lower strata of the society. Methodology Hypothesis: The prevalence of Domestic Violence against women is an indication of patriarchal ideologies The survey was conducted in Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai and Ahmadabad in 2012. The survey includes forty women who represent different families culturally as well socially i.e. they belong to different stratus of the society. The study is based mainly on quantitative data. It has tried to get empirically sound and statistically reliable data regarding the physical, sexual and psychological abuse against women. Qualitative methodology has been used to interpret and analyze the data collected. Review of Literature Behind Closed Doors by Rinki Bhattacharya is one of the few books which deal with Domestic Violence against women in India. This book contains narratives by seventeen women who have been the victims of domestic violence. These women have showed immense courage in sharing their stories. These heart- wrenching narratives bring home the fact that domestic violence is still very prevalent and that no amount of privilege can protect women from abuse. A documentary film called Char Diwari was made on this book. The fact that this documentary has been telecasted only twice and that too at midnight shows that such issues are still not brought out open in the public. This book also contains essays by eminent feminists and other sociologists who have tried to analyze the phenomenon of Domestic Violence. What they really try to say is that in a country like India, where people worship the female power of Shakti in the form of goddess, why should women be subjected to domestic violence? Then there are further essays which deal with the loopholes in the domestic violence bill. The book ends with a road map to support the victims of domestic violence. This book should definitely be read by those who wish to bring about a change in d position of the women in the society. There is a case study on domestic violence against women in Nagpur. This Case Study has been conducted by International Clinical Epidemiologists Network (INCLEN). On the basis of the survey conducted, it was found out that nearly sixty- two percent of the women have been subjected to some form of domestic violence. Most of these women have been the victims of psychological abuse (60.2 % as compared to 37.9 % of the women being subjected to physical abuse ). Ten percent of these women left their husbands but most of them had to return since their natal families refused to accept them. There is still a social stigma attached to leaving your husband and the root cause of this is the patriarchal ideologies which are still widespread today. Another Case Study deals with domestic violence in Kerala. This has been conducted by Centre for Womens Studies and Development, Kerala. Around fifty five percent of the women admit being subjected to domestic violence. In Kerala most of the women have been victimized due to issues related to dowry. Like in Nagpur, psychological abuse is very high in Kerala. (54.23% as compared to 32.4% of thee women who are subjected to physical violence). In Kerala the literacy rate is almost 100 percent, yet women are victimized. What does this show? It again goes back to the patriarchal ideologies that have existed since time immemorial. Results and Interpretation of Data Table 1: Socio Demographic Profile: TOTAL 40 HIGHER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY 27 LOWER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY 13 AGE (in years) Woman Respondent Husband 32 36 33 37 31 35 EDUCATION Woman Respondent Illiterate Primary ( 1-5 ) Secondary ( 6-12 ) >12 Husband Illiterate Primary ( 1-5) Secondary ( 6-12 ) >12 4 6 7 23 0 4 8 28 0 0 5 22 0 0 2 25 4 6 2 1 0 4 6 3 EMPLOYMENT Woman Respondent Unemployed Employed Husband Unemployed Employed 27 23 6 34 17 10 0 27 4 9 6 7 This table shows that literacy rate is lower among the woman respondents as compared to their husbands. The overall employment rate is higher among the husbands. However as far as the lower strata of the society is concerned, more women are employed than men. Now we come to the prevalence of domestic violence. First the researcher will deal with the women of the higher strata of the society. 20 out of 27 women have admitted to being subjected to domestic violence by their husbands. Out of these 20 women, 12 have been physically abused, 5 psychologically and 3 sexually. As far as the women of the lower strata are concerned all the 13 of them have been subjected to domestic violence. Out of these women, 8 are physically abused, 3 psychologically and 2 sexually. Graph showing the prevalence of Domestic Violence. Table 2 will show the lifetime physical abuse and Table 3 will show the lifetime psychological abuse. Table 2: Lifetime Physical Abuse :- TOTAL (20) HIGHER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY (12) LOWER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY (8) Slap 11 8 3 Kick 8 3 5 Weapon 1 1 0 Table 3: Lifetime Psychological Abuse:- TOTAL (8) HIGHER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY (5) LOWER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY (3) Insulted 5 3 2 Demeaned 2 2 0 Unfaithful 1 0 1 Now the researcher would like to draw your attention to the reasons as to why these women are subjected to domestic violence. Table 4 shows some of the reasons identified by these women. Table 4: Reasons as to why women are subjected to domestic violence:- TOTAL 33 HIGHER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY 20 LOWER STRATA OF THE SOCIETY 13 Not Cooking Properly 18 13 5 Not Looking after the Household 5 4 1 Harassment due to Dowry 4 3 1 Talking to Other Men 6 0 6 It is evident from the survey that Domestic Violence is extremely prevalent especially in the lower strata of the society. There is an inverse relationship between socio economic status and domestic violence. Both Education and Employment is also significant for physical and psychological violence. It is seen that women with lower education but better employment than their husbands are subjected to greater domestic violence. This is the case in the lower strata of the society. As far as the higher strata is concerned, it is generally the lesser educated and the unemployed women who are subjected to the wrath of their husbands. Legal Measures for Domestic Violence against women In India In India not much has been done to protect the rights of women. Women have been the victims of domestic violence since time immemorial, but the Domestic Violence Act was passed by the parliament as late as 2005. It was passed in the furtherance of the recommendations of the United Nations committee on the CEDAW. The following abuses are covered by this act:- Physical abuse Sexual abuse Verbal and emotional abuse Economic abuse This act provides women a right to stay in her matrimonial house, even if she does not have ownership rights over the house. Basically a husband cannot throw his wife out of his house. However her rights will extend only to her husbands properties and not to the properties of her in-laws. Under this act, a woman has the right to ask for help and protection. A victim of domestic abuse has the right to seek the help and services of police officers, protection homes, service providers, shelter homes and medical establishments. She also has the right to lodge a complaint under section 498 of the Indian Penal Code for matrimonial cruelty. Under this act, a woman can get the following orders issued in her favour:- Protection Order Residence Orders Monetary Relief Custody Orders Compensation Orders Interim and Ex parte Orders If the respondent is found to be guilty, he can be imprisoned for a term which may extend to one year or can be charged a fine which may extend to Rs 20,000 or both. He may also be asked to provide monetary relief to the victim and her children. In the latter situation, he has to pay compensation damages as well. He has to abide by the arrangements made by the court regarding the custody of the victims children. Drawbacks of the Legal Measures The Act is mainly criticized on the grounds that it is not backed up properly. There is no effort by the government to implement it effectively. Important factors such as the appointment and the training of the protection officers, police officers, service providers, counselors, and judicial officers have been ignored. The authorities lack the initiative to spread awareness. Moreover there is improper budgetary allocation. Most states have still not appointed the Protection Officers. In some states, where Protection Officers have been appointed, they are not aware of their duties and the legal remedies that are available to the victims of domestic violence. Another drawback is that that the act has not been publicized properly. The helpline numbers available to the victims have not been publicized properly. As a result, sometimes domestic violence goes unreported because the victim does not know whom to turn to for help. In some cases, the violence is reported, but no case is filed i n the court. There is a big difference in the number of cases that are reported and the number of cases which are actually heard in the court. These are the drawbacks of the legal measures. Remedial Measures A crucial question in the light of the increasing instances of domestic violence is that what should be done to control and reduce it. As responsible citizens should we just sit and read articles and collect information about domestic violence or should we raise our voices against it?Today Domestic Violence is being viewed as an epidemic disease which needs to be controlled. Many Law agencies, Governmental and Non Governmental Organizations, public and private bodies are working for this cause. We need more stringent laws to curb domestic violence. At present we do not have a single law in the Indian Constitution which effectively deals with the issue of Domestic Violence. Even section 498 A of the Indian Penal Code and The Domestic Violence Act, 2005 have been misused because of the restricted definition of the abuse that women are subjected to. As a result we need more stringent laws to protect the rights of women. There are several NGOs which are actively working in issues relating to women abuse. These NGOs need to spread awareness among women regarding the legal remedies that are available to them. They should encourage more and more women to come forward and report instances of domestic violence so that necessary action can be taken against the culprit. The Police and the Protection Officers need to be sensitized. They need to take Domestic Violence as seriously as other offences. They need to be made aware of their legal duties and the remedies that are available to the victims. Moreover care has to be taken to appoint efficient men as Police and Protection Officers. Gender training should me made mandatory. Steps need to be taken to recognize Domestic Violence as a public health. Training needs to be provided so as to develop the skills of the professionals to provide the basic support to the victims of domestic violence. Documentation on the health consequences of domestic violence should me made so as to spread awareness. Lastly the patriarchal mindset of the people has to be changed. Until and unless women are given due respect in the society, no amount of laws will be helpful. The root cause of domestic violence is patriarchal ideologies and that needs to be changed. Conclusion The study underlines that the situation of Indian women is quite severe in terms of the violence they experience in the marital home. Women are subject to frequent and multiple forms of violence in their lifetime. The main cause of this is the patriarchal mindset of the people. Men have always considered themselves to be the superior sex and have always tried to overpower women. Generally women do not raise their voices against men because they have been taught to believe that they are the inferior sex. In conclusion, it can be said that the hypothesis- The prevalence of Domestic Violence against women is an indication of patriarchal ideologies has been proved and a social reformation needs to be brought about soon. Questionnaire The women were asked the following questions: Name Age Husbands Age Educational Qualification Educational qualification of the husband Employment Husbands occupation Any Physical Violence? Slapped by the husband? Kicked by the husband? Used or threatened to use a weapon? Any Sexual Violence? Any Psychological Violence? Insulted by the husband? Demeaned by the husband? Was the husband unfaithful? Reasons for the violence as identified by the woman. Not cooking properly Not looking after the household Harassment due to dowry Talking to other men The limitation of this study is that in view of the social stigma attached to domestic violence, some women have been reluctant to answer these questions and as a result have not answered them truthfully.

My Brother and I :: Example Personal Narratives

My Brother and I My brother and I did not have a great adult relationship. Due to his hurtful teasing of me when we were teenagers and some very hurtful things he said to me the day of our mother's funeral, we had not communicated well in the four years since her death. In May, 2000, my father and I spent four days with my brother, sister-in-law and their two daughters. When I spoke with my brother on his birthday a month earlier, I asked if he and I could have some "alone time" when Daddy and I visited the following month. My brother said we could find time alone. That time came the evening before Daddy and I left to return home. My brother and I settled on the screened-in porch. I was about to read a letter I had written him, outlining my reaction to what he had said to me in 1996 and giving him the necessary background information he needed to know BEFORE he spoke to me the way he did. He offered to read the letter himself. I gladly let him. I had no idea how he would respond to the letter. After many drafts, it stated exactly what I needed and wanted to say to him. I had no expectations at all about the route this conversation would take. I told myself I was capable of handling anything that came up for discussion. My brother's first comment was, "Well, I will have to change some perceptions I have had about you." I was flattered and thanked him. He said he would always be my brother and would always say what he felt. He launched into some observations he had made about me in the four days we had been there...I acknowledged them and said my goals for the summer was to actively address those observations and make necessary changes. (I am proud to say I have achieved the major goal of weight loss and plan to keep it off.) I made some observations of my own and assured my brother that, contrary to his beliefs, I was not dependent on our father back home. (Our father lives about ten minutes away. He is 75, in fairly good health and does help me on occasion) I also made some observations of my own and expressed concerns I had about my brother.

Edith Wharton’s “Souls Belated” Essay

Point of view always influences the way readers perceive events. In literature, the point of view the author chooses not only affects the way readers perceive and interpret events, but it also determines, to some extent, what the readers can actually see. That is, point of view guides the way readers interpret events and draw conclusions by limiting or illuminating the amount and nature of the information from which conclusions can be drawn. In â€Å"Souls Belated,† Edith Wharton uses point of view to illuminate the thoughts of each character individually, while concealing the thoughts of the other, and eventually to highlight the vastly different mindsets of both characters involved. Wharton first does this by revealing Lydia’s thoughts to the readers while hiding Gannett’s. At the exposition, the story is told in third person, from Lydia’s point of view. This technique allows readers to see directly into Lydia’s mind. To know what Gannet is thinking, however, they must accept Lydia’s version of his thoughts: â€Å"He was thinking of it now, just as she was; they had been thinking about it in unison ever since they had entered the train† (673). Since readers have no direct insight into Gannett’s brain, they have no way to know what he is really thinking, but neither do they have, as yet, any substantial reason to doubt Lydia’s interpretation of events. The third-person-limited point of view is particularly effective because it allows readers to view Lydia’s thoughts, opinions, and interpretations as facts. If Wharton had chosen to tell the story in first person, from Lydia’s point of view, the narrative would be clearly subjective. Readers would be aware of the limitations of a first person narrator. Consequently, they would have plenty of incentive to question the accuracy of Lydia’s perception. On the other hand, if the narrator were omniscient, it would describe Gannett’s thoughts as well as Lydia’s and thereby remove all questions in this matter. The actual third person narrator seems removed enough from the action to appear to be an impartial observer; this inclines readers to accept the narrator’s statements as facts. That the point of view is limited, however, also leaves in question whether Lydia’s view of Gannett is correct, whether readers should accept it at face value; th is is what  creates the subtle suspense of the story. Wharton builds on this suspense by suggesting that Lydia does know Gannett well enough to know his mind, or, at least, that Lydia thinks she knows Gannett well enough to know: â€Å"now that he and she were alone she knew exactly what was passing through his mind; she could almost hear him asking himself what he should say to her†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (673). This not only further inclines readers to accept Lydia’s interpretation of Gannett’s thoughts and emotions, but it also encourages them to be sympathetic to her. Lydia knows what Gannett is thinking, and she dreads it. Since readers know Lydia’s mind but not Gannett’s, they cannot help but see the situation through her eyes. In order to see properly through Lydia’s eyes, in order to know why she dreads Gannett inevitably speaking to her, readers need to have some sense of her personality. The point of view helps accomplish this as well; it allows readers to extract information about Lydia’s personality from her reactions to her own memories. For example, when Lydia remembers her ex-husband and her reasons for leaving him, â€Å"[she] had preferred to think that Tillotson had himself embodied all her reasons for leaving him†¦. Yet she had not left him till she met Gannett† (673). From this, readers know that Lydia, at the beginning at least, is not self-secure enough to have left her husband to be on her own. She could not turn from him without having someone else to turn to. However, â€Å"this discovery had not been agreeable to her self-esteem† (673), indicating that not only is Lydia aware of her own insecurity but also that it is something which bothers her. Lydia wan ts to think of herself as an independent woman but so far has not been as wholly independent as she would like to be. Once readers understand this part of Lydia’s personality, they are better prepared to understand why Lydia struggles against dependency. Specifically, she struggles against marrying Gannett because she views it as a particularly tempting form of dependency. Lydia fears that by marrying Gannett, she will lose whatever sense of self she has developed since leaving her husband; similarly, she worries that Gannett will lose his sense of self in marrying her. â€Å"To look upon him as the instrument of her  liberation; to resist herself in the least tendency to a wifely taking possession of his future; had seemed to Lydia the one way of maintaining the dignity of their relation† (675). At the same time, however, she realizes that this view of their relationship is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain: â€Å"she was aware of a growing inability to keep her thoughts fixed on the essential point – the point of parting with Gannett† (675). Through what the narrator says and does not say about their relationship, readers can infer that Lydia is growing dependent on Gannett but is still trying to fight against it. The insight Wharton gives readers into Lydia’s personality contrasts sharply with how little they know of Gannett. Because of the narrator’s limited point of view, readers know only as much about Gannett as Lydia knows. Readers know what Gannett says and what he does, as well as what Lydia presumes he thinks, but they have no way to observe Gannett’s thoughts for themselves. Even at one point where the narrative seems to shift to a more omniscient point of view, the narrator can only say, â€Å"He looked at her hopelessly. Nothing is more perplexing to man than the mental process of a woman who reasons her emotions† (678). The narrative still does not describe exactly what Gannett is thinking; it only describes Gannett’s action, then makes a general statement which may or may not apply to Gannett specifically. Readers have no way of knowing whether Gannett actually thinks this statement or not; for all they know, it could be what Lydia is thinking, what she presumes about Gannett’s state of mind. Not only does this point of view technique make the readers want to know what Gannett is thinking, but it also binds them emotionally to Lydia. They want to know what Gannett is thinking as badly as she does. After building up sufficient desire, Wharton finally satisfies the readers’ curiosity by shifting the point of view to allow them access to Gannett’s thoughts. This shift also corresponds with an important twist in the plot; it comes at the beginning of their last conversation in the hotel room, just before Lydia suggests to Gannett that the only was to resolve their relationship is for her to leave him. â€Å"Gannett threw away his cigarette; the sound of her voice made him want to see her face† (685).† Limited though it  is, this is the first time readers can witness Gannett’s thoughts directly. Throughout the conversation, the shift intensifies. â€Å"She sank again on the sofa, hiding her face in her hands†¦. Gannett stood above her perplexedly; he felt as though she were being swept away by some implacable current while he stood helpless on its bank† (688). Now, the roles are reversed: readers can know Gannett’s emotional st ate from what the narrator tells them, but they must divine Lydia’s from her words and actions. That this point of view shift comes before Lydia’s suggestion to leave Gannett is important because it brings with it a tone shift. When the readers can see Gannett’s desires and emotions, they begin to feel sympathy for him. Now they can see the events through his eyes, too. Conversely, when the narrative distances itself from Lydia’s thoughts, it distances the readers from Lydia as well. While this distance does not necessarily cancel out any sympathy the readers have for Lydia, their sympathy for her does not overpower their sympathy for Gannett. Indeed, it is because of this newfound sympathy that Lydia’s, â€Å"My leaving you,† (689) does not seem to the readers like a desirable outcome. Since they now sympathize with both characters, they do not like anything that would cause either one of them pain. An act that would cause both characters pain would be doubly bad. Wharton continues this sympathy for Gannett by telling the last section of the story, where Lydia actually tries to leave him, from his point of view. Wharton also uses this point of view to answer many of Lydia’s, and therefore the readers’, questions. For instance, the readers now get to see how Gannett views marriage, particularly marriage to Lydia. â€Å"Even had his love lessened, he was now bound to her by a hundred ties of pity and self-reproach; and she, poor child! must turn back to hum as Latude returned to his cell†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (690). Gannett feels responsible for Lydia as well as bound to her; he possibly even feels somewhat fatherly toward her, as if she was a child who he had an obligation to look after. These are all attitudes opposed to Lydia’s pride and desire for independence. As Gannett watches Lydia walk away from the hotel, his thoughts continue: If any thought emerged from the tumult of his sensations, it was that he must let her go if she wished it. He had spoken last night of his rights: what were they? At the last issue, he and she were two separate beings, not made one by the miracle of common forbearances, duties, abnegations, but bound together in a noyade of passion that left them resisting yet clinging as they went down. (690) From this statement, readers know Gannett’s true attitude toward marriage, that it is a spiritual joining that would give him some sort of right to Lydia. Not only is Gannett’s opinion of marriage contrary to Lydia’s opinion of it, but it also conflicts with what Lydia believes Gannett’s opinion to be. Their isolated points of view heighten the contrast between Gannett’s and Lydia’s feelings toward marriage. This separation reminds the readers that although they can see into both Lydia’s and Gannett’s minds, there is no way for either character to know what the other is thinking. Each character is completely cut off from the other; the only way they have to intuit thoughts is for them to interpret the words and actions of the other, just as readers must do, in turn, for each character. The isolation that lets the readers see this limitation is the same isolation that hides, ironically, the limitation from both characters. Lydia, for example, felt â€Å"she knew exactly what was passing through his mind† (673), even though it is her uncertainty that makes what Gannett is thinking so nervewracking for her. In the same way, Gannett later feels that Lydia is walking into a world where â€Å"no one would understand her – no one would pity her – and he, who did both, was powerless to come to her aid†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (690). If Gannett truly understood and pitied Lydia, he would have understood that she is too independent to want is pity. But perhaps the most telling point of view shift comes at the end of the story, where Wharton retreats into an omniscient, objectively descriptive narrator. As Gannett watches Lydia leave the boat and come back to the hotel, back to him, â€Å"[he] sat down beside a table; a Bradshaw lay at his elbow, and mechanically, without knowing what he did, he began looking out  the trains to Paris†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (691). The distance of the point of view echoes Gannett’s distance from his own emotions. He acts mechanically, not knowing what he is doing because he does not know what he is feeling. Indeed, the distance of the narrative reflects the net numbness of the conflicting emotions that Lydia and Gannett are both feeling. Each must resign himself to marrying the one he loves.

Essay on E-commerce and the Global Market - 1844 Words

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) over the Internet is the fastest growing method for consumers to conduct business. Less than ten years old and it already has radically altered the potential to economic activities and the social environment. There are nearly 200 million Internet users worldwide currently. Of these 200 million users, roughly 40 percent reside in the United States (Styliano, A., Robbins, S. amp; Jackson, P., 2003). E-commerce currently affects large sectors such as communications, banking and the retail industry. E-commerce has also had an effect on the education, health and government (Wyckoff, A., amp; Colecchia A., 1999). It is predicted that commerce on the Internet could total tens of billions of dollars by the turn†¦show more content†¦exports alone (Jones, B., n.d.). E-commerce allows consumers to have more suppliers, sometimes including foreign suppliers. Consumers can now search online to find the lowest price. E-commerce has made the global marketpla ce larger which makes the marketplace become more competitive. The increase in competition is advantageous to consumers. The increased competition lowers prices for consumers and other businesses. Further, the increase in information and choice available can help increase the efficiency of the supply and demand equilibrium (Electronic Commerce, n.d.). The increase in competition also forces companies to become more efficient. As e-commerce grows, other countries are increasing their participation in the global digital economy. Companies now have to introduce new technologies or methods to reduce overhead costs and increase productivity which is also brings lower prices to consumers. The leading products in both the business-to-business and business-to-consumer markets are electronically delivered products such as software, travel services, entertainment, and finance (Windham, L. amp; Orton, K., 2000). Due to the nature of such products, business is increased globally. Business-to business markets are growing quickly because e-commerce has a significant impact on overhead cost reduction and business efficiency. Businesses that use the Internet to buy, sell, distribute and maintain products and services are realizing significantShow MoreRelatedE-Commerce and the Global Market1936 Words   |  8 PagesElectronic commerce (e-commerce) over the Internet is the fastest growing method for consumers to conduct business. Less than ten years old and it already has radically altered the potential to economic activities and the social environment. There are nearly 200 million Internet users worldwide currently. Of these 200 million users, roughly 40 percent reside in the United States (Styliano, A., Robbins, S. Jackson, P., 2003). E-commerce currently affects large sectors such as communications, bankingRead MoreRivalry Of The Global E Commerce Market1496 Words   |  6 Pagesplayers, is one player very dominant or all equal in strength or size. E-Bay is one of the dominant players in the global e-commerce market; but because of low entry barriers E-Bay is currently facing competition in its different market segments. Therefore, this market is full of competitors such as Amazon, Craigslist, Yahoo! Auctions, and other new players such as Alibaba, Jet.com, Groupon and Overstock.com. The battle between e-commerce players engage in price- based competition to persuade buyers, thereforeRead MoreRivalry Of The Global E Commerce Market1371 Words   |  6 PagesRivalry in the Industry: (Medium to High) E-Bay is one of the dominant players in the global e-commerce market; but because of low entry barriers E-Bay is currently facing competition in its different market segments. 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They are all looking at the ecommerce market place and are taking notice of the ecommerce market leaders and seeing how they can emulate their success (eBay, Annual ReportRead MoreImpact Of E Commerce On International Trade Essay1045 Words   |  5 PagesE-COMMERCE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE MUKESHV.M , (MCom,MBA Finanace,MPhil) Assistant Professor In Commerce And Management Studies, Mar Osthastheos College (Affiliated To University Of Calicut) Perumpilavu,Kunnamkulam,Thrissur-680519Ph:04885 282000Mob:9895617021Email:Mukeshmurli640@Gmail.Com Abstract The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of E-Commerce on international trade . electronic commerce offers economy wide benefits to all countries. The gains are likely to be concentrated